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神态动词是一种本身有必定的词义，标明说话人的心境、情绪或与口气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
中考关于神态动词的查询首要有以下几点：
1.can，may，must 等神态动词在陈述句中的用法；
2.富含神态动词的疑问句的答复；
3.不怜惜态动词的否定意义也不一样；
4.神态动词的被逼语态；
5.神态动词易混点归纳；
6.神态动词例题解析；
7.神态动词特征。
01
can，may，must 等神态动词在陈述句中的用法
can的用法
1.标明才能、答应、可以性。标明才能时一般译为“能、会”，即有种才能，特别是生来具有的才能，此时may和must均不可以替代它。
she can swim fast, but i can't. 她能游得很快，但我不能。
i can see with my eyes. 我用双眼看。
2.标明答应，常在口语中。
you can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
3.标明估测，意为“可以”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can't 译为“不可以能”。
can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？
—can it be our teacher?那自个有可所以咱们教师吗？
—no, it can't be our teacher. he is on a visit to the great wall.不可以能。咱们教师正在旅行长城呢。
【例题】—i think miss gao must be in the library. she said she would go there.
—no. she __be there, i have just been there.
a.can't b.mustn't c.needn't d.wouldn't
【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“ 不可以能”，can't标明估测。答案为a。
could的用法
1.can的曩昔式，意为“ 能、会”，标明曩昔的才能。
he could write poems when he was 10.
他十岁时就会写诗。
2.could在疑问句中，标明宛转的口气，此时 could没有曩昔式的意思。
could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？
—could i use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
—yes, you can.可以。（留心答复）
may的用法
1.标明恳求、答应，比can正式。
may i borrow your bike?
我可以借你的自行车吗？
you may go home now.
如今你可以回家了。
【例题】—_______ i borrow your mp3?
—sure . here you are.
a. may b.should c.must d. would
【解析】在此处标明恳求，意为“ 做……可以吗”。答案：a
2.标明估测，谈论可以性，意为“可以，或许”，一般用于必定句中。
it may rain tomorrow. 明日可以会下雨。
she may be at home. 她可以在家呢。
3.may的曩昔式为might，标明估测时。可以性低于may。
he is away from school. he might be sick.
他脱离学校了，可所以他患病了。
4.标明期望、恳求、祝福，常可译为“祝福”。一般是用may +主+v
may you have a good time. 祝你过得开心。
may you be happy!祝你夸姣！
may you succeed!祝你成功！
must的用法
1.must标明片面观点，意为“有必要、必定”。
you must stay here until i come back.在我回来之前你有必要呆在这儿。
must i hand in my homework right now? 我有必要如今交作业吗？
2.其否定方法mustn't标明“ 必定不要” 、“千万别”、“阻止，不许”。
you mustn't play with fire.你不许玩火。
you mustn't be late. 你必定不要迟到。
3.对must引导的疑问句，必定答复为must，否定答复为needn't或don't have to.
—must i finish my homework?我如今有必要结束作业吗？
—no, you needn't.不，你不必。
4.must标明有掌控的估测，用于必定句。
the light is on,so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他如今必定在家。
5.留心其反意问句的构成方法：
当must标明必定的判别、估测时，其反意疑问句要用实践问句的助动词来构成。
she must have seen the film before,hasn't she?(留心反意疑问句的后半有些)
you must have met uncle wang in the shop yesterday,didn't you? (留心反意疑问句的后半有些)
need的用法
1.need标明需要、有必要，首要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定方法为needn't，意为“没有必要，不必”。
用need发问时，必定答复为must，否定答复为needn't或don't have to。
—need i stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗？
—yes,you must.是的。
—no.you needn't /don't have to. 不，你不必。
2.need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的改变，假定是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。
i need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。
he needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多晓得那个女孩。
假定是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done，这种情况下应留心两点：
(1)主动方法的动名词doing具有被逼的意义；
(2)该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被逼方法而语句的意义不变。
the door needs painting.=the door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。
your car needs mending.=your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要修补了。
dare的用法
dare意为“敢、勇于”, 用法近似于need，有两种词性：
1.dare 作为神态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称奇数方法，只需一般如今时和一般曩昔时。
dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢告诉他们所晓得的情况吗？
i daren't ask her,will you do it for me? 我可不敢问她，你能帮我问问吗？
2.dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的改变。
he doesn't dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。
留心：在口语中，dare 的各种方法常与不带to 的不定式连用。
如：do you dare tell her what i said?你敢告诉她我说的话吗？
i didn't dare look at him.我不敢看他。
shall的用法
shall标明寻求对方定见（多用于第一、三人称）。
如：shall we go out for a walk? 咱们出去漫步好吗？
在英语中，咱们可以用其他多种方法提出咱们的主张或寻求对方定见。
1.用“let's do...”来提出主张。
如：let's go for a walk after supper.
2.用“what/how about...?”来提出主张；about后接名词或动词ing方法。
如：what about/how about a drink? what about/how about taking tom with us?
3.用“why not...?”来提出主张，标明“何不……”not面后接动词原形。
“why not...?”实践上是“why don't you/we...?”的简略方法。
如：why not meet at the school gate at eight? why don't we stay here another day?
4.用“would you like...?”来提出主张，意思是“你想要……吗?”would you like后可接名词或不定式。
如：would you like a cup of tea?would you like to go and see her?
因而，假定咱们说：“去游水好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法：
shall we go for a swim?
let's go for a swim,shall we?
what about/how about going swimming?
why not go for a swim?
would you like to go for a swim?
what do you think of going for a swim?
should的用法
1.should 意为“大约”，可标明?怠⒅髡拧⒃鹑巍⒃鹑蔚取Ｈ纾簑e should protect the environment. 咱们大约维护环境。
2.should have done 标明对曩昔动作的责怪、批判。
如：you should have finished your homework.
你大约现已结束作业了。（实际上你没有结束。）
will的用法
will标明自愿、意志、方案，可用于多种人称。
如：i will help you if i’m free this afternoon.今日下午假定我有空，我就会帮你。
留心：1.will在there be句型中的方法及其句式改换。
因为“一般将来时”的规划可以用“will+动词原形”来标明，所以there be句型的一般将来时的方法就是there will be。（必定不能说there will have）
例如：there are many students in our school. →there will be many students in our school.
there will be a sports meeting next week. 必定不能说：there will have a sports meeting next week.
2.will 与be going to do sth差异：
(1)be going to 标明近期、眼下就要发生的作业，will 标明的将来时刻则较远一些。
he is going to write a letter tonight.he will write a book one day.
(2)be going to 标明根据片面判别将来必定发生的作业，will标明客观大将来必定发生的作业。
he is seriously ill.he is going to die.he will be twenty years old.
(3)be going to 富含“方案，预备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思。
如：she is going to lend us her book.he will be here in half an hour.
(4)在有条件从句的主句中，一般不必be going to, 而多用will。如：if any beasts comes at you, i'll stay with you and help you.
had better的用法
had better意为“最佳”，没有人称的改变，后边接不带to的不定式，其否定方法为：had better not。
如：we had better go now. 咱们最佳如今就走。
you had better not give the book to him.你最佳不要把这本书给他。
02
富含神态动词的疑问句的答复
1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列答复方法：
yes,you may.
yes,of course.
yes,certainly.
sure.
no,you mustn’t. no, you can’t.
2.对must引出的疑问句，答复方法为：
yes,…must.
no,…needn't/ don't have to.
3.could在疑问句中，标明宛转的口气，此时 could 没有曩昔式的意思。
could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？
—could i use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
—yes,you can.可以。（留心答复）
4.shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，标明寻求对方定见或谦让的恳求。其答复方法有以下几种：
yes,please.
all right.
no,thank you.
5.would you…的答复方法有以下几种：
yes,i will. (no, i won't.)
sure. (i’m sorry , i can't.)
all right/ ok/ with pleasure.
certainly. (no, thank you .)
yes, please.
【例题】—would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to lily? —________.
a.that’s right b.with pleasure
c.it doesn’t matter d.no trouble
【解析】a. 意为“对了” ，b.意为“ 愿意效能”, c. 意为“ 没联络” d.意为“不费事”。答案为b。
03
不怜惜态动词的否定意义也不一样
1.can的否定式can't
(1)can't可译为“不会”，如：i can't play basketball. 我不会打篮球。
(2)当语句表估测时，用can’t 表达不可以能，如：he can't be ill.he is playing chess with tom.他不可以能病了，他正和tom下棋呢。
(3)can't 还可用来答复“ may i…? ” 这样的问句。如：may i come in ? 我可以进来吗？no, you mustn't. / can't. 不，你不能。
(4)can't 还可用于固定习语中。can't help doing 忍不住，…不由自立… can't wait to do sth 刻不容缓…如：she can't help crying. 她不由大哭起来。the children can't wait to open the box. 孩子们刻不容缓地想翻开盒子。
2.may的否定式为may not，译成“ 可以不”，如：he may not be at home. 他或许不在家。
3.must的否定式mustn't
(1)mustn't标明不许，不可以。
如：he mustn't leave his room.他不许脱离他的房间。
you mustn't talk in class. 你们不可以以在课上说话。
(2)mustn't也可用于以may标明需求时的否定答复中。
如：—may i stand here?我可以站在这儿吗？
—no, you mustn't (can't).不，不可。
4.need的否定式needn't
(1)needn't 意为“不必”。如：you needn't meet him unless you'd like to.你不需要见他，除非你情愿。
(2)needn't+have+动词的曩昔分词，表不需要结束但已结束的动作，暗含时刻或精力上的浪费。
如：you needn't have bought it. 你没必要买它（但你却买了）。
5.shouldn't标明不大约。
如：you shouldn't feel so unhappy over such little things. 关于这种小事，你不大约感到这么不高兴。
04
神态动词的被逼语态
富含神态动词的被逼语态的规划为：神态动词+be+done(动词的曩昔分词)。
做题时要统筹神态动词和被逼语态这两个方面。
如：you needn't get up so early every day.你不必每天都起这么早。
she shouldn't speak to her mother in that way.她不大约用那种方法和母亲说话。
more and more trees must be planted in china.在我国有必要栽培更多的树木。
many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.许多星星咱们都看不到，因为它们离咱们太远了。
1.“神态动词+动词原形”标明对如今的估测。
(1)can标明估测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。
如：that man can't be her husbandshe is still single.
who is knocking at the door?can it be the postman?
(2)must标明必定的估测，一般用于必定句中。
如：he must be in his office now.
mr li must be working now,for the lights in his office are still on.
(3)might标明估测时不必定是may的曩昔时，只是标明其可以性较小。
如：the man may be the headmaster.
—where is mr li?
—he might be working in his office.
—may mr li come?
—he might not come here.
(4)could标明估测时，口气can比要弱，说话者留有境地。
如：—could it be an animal?
—it could not be,because it is not moving.
(5)should标明估测的可以性比照大，仅比must的可以性 小一点。如：it is already 10 o'clock now they should be there.
2.神态动词标明对曩昔可以发生的动作或存在过的动作的估测性用法。
(1)“must +have done/been”标明“曩昔必定发生过某事或存在过某种状况”，不必于“musn’t+have”方法。
如：she must have seen the film before,hasn't she?(留心反意疑问句的后半有些)
you must have met uncle wang in the shop yesterday,didn't you? (留心反意疑问句的后半有些)
(2)“should +have done /been”标明“本应作为某事，而实践上并没有做”；
“ shouldn't+结束式”标明“正本不该作为，而实践上却做了”。以上规划常带有说话者的责怪的豪情颜色。
如：you should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not finish it on time).
you shouldn't have gone to bed when you woke up at five (but in fact you went to bed again then).
(3)“needn't+结束式”标明“正本没有必要做某事，而实践上却做了”。如：there was plenty of time.she needn't have hurried.
(4)“can't /couldn't+have done /been”标明“曩昔不可以能发生了某事或存在过某种状况”。
如：i saw him just now.he can't have gone to japan.
she said the man couldn't have stolen her car.
(5)“could+have done/been”标明“曩昔正本可以，可以做某事或变成某种状况，而实践上没有”，说话者有些怅惘。“could sb. have done /been-------？”是它的问句方法。
如：you could have stayed with the smiths while you were in new york (but in fact you stayed in a nearby hotel.) could mr li have helped this girl student?
(6)“may/might+结束式”标明“曩昔可以，正本可以于某事而实践上没有干”，might的可以性较小，口气较弱。
如：he may have finished reading the book.
she might have given you some help,however bus she was.
05
神态动词易混点归纳
易混点一：can和be able to
两者标明才能时用法相同，但can只需原形“can”和曩昔式“could”两种方法，在其他时态中 要用be able to 来标明。另外be able to 常常指经过尽力，花费了时刻和劳力之后才干做到某事。
jim can't speak english.吉姆不会说英语。
he could speak english at 5. 他五岁时就会说英语。
we'll be able to see him next week.下星期咱们将接见会面到他。
he has been able to drive. 他现已会开车了。
i'm sure you'll be able to finish it quickly.我信赖你能灵敏地结束。
we were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.咱们能在正午抵达山顶。
易混点二：can和may
1.can 和 may 均可用来寻求定见或答应，意为“可以”， 一般可交换运用。如：can/ may i help you ? 我能协助你吗？
2.can 和may 标明可以性时的差异：
(1)在必定句顶用 might，may，must，不必can
(2)在疑问句中标明估测用can，不必
might，may，must
(3)在否定句顶用can't（不可以能）， 不必 may， must。如：she may be in the classroom . 她可以在教室里。where can they be now? 他们如今可以在哪儿？that can't be true. 那不可以能是真的。
易混点三：may be 和maybe
may be的may为神态动词，be为动词原形，在句中作谓语；
maybe是副词，意思为大约、或许，恰当于perhaps，用在句首，作状语。
例如：he may be wrong,but i’m not sure. 或许他错了，但我也不断定。
易混点四：can't 和 mustn't
1.can't 根据其根柢用法可译为：
(1)不会。如：i can't speak english . 我不会说英语。
(2)不能。如：we can't do it now because it's too dark.天太黑了，咱们如今干不了。
(3)否定句中标明估测。“不可以能”，如：the man can't be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher. 那自个不可以能是咱们教师，他年青得多。
2.mustn't 意为“ 阻止、不许”， 用来表达指令，标明激烈的口气。
you mustn't play football in the street. it’s too dangerous.
你不可以以在街上踢足球，太风险了。
易混点五：must 和 have to
1.must 偏重于自个意志和片面上的必要。have to 偏重于客观上的必要，可用于如今时、曩昔时和将来时。
i know i must study hard.我晓得我有必要尽力学习。
my brother was very ill, so i had to call the doctor in the
mid-night.我弟弟病得凶狠，我只得深夜里把医生请来。
i haven't got any money with me,so i'll have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没带钱，只好向兄弟借点了。
he said they must work hard.他说他们有必要尽力作业。
2.have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般如今或将来。
如：the composition is due to hand in this morning, so i had to finish it last night. 作文今日早晨到期，因而我不得不昨日晚上结束。
易混点六:used to do/be used to doing/be used to do…/be used for doing sth
used to do标明曩昔常常发生的动作，偏重曩昔，只用于曩昔，留心用to do，不必doing方法；而be used to doing意为“习气做…”，be可有各种时态；be used to do意为“……被运用去做……” 为被逼语态方法；be used for doing sth“用作……” 。
如：my father used to eating meat.我父亲曩昔起床晚，但如今不得不早上了。
she is used to eating meat.她习气吃肉。
he wasn't used to eating in a restaurant.他不习气在饭馆吃饭。
a knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用来割东西) a knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用来割东西)
06
神态动词例题解析
1.—________ you pass me a pen? i'd like to write down the phone number.
—sure. here it is.
a. can b. need c. might d. must
【解析】由题干可知，本句标明恳求、答应。答案：a。
2.—may i go to the cinema, mum?
—certainly, but you ________ be back by 11 o'clock.
a. can b. may c. must d. need
【解析】由题意可知， 此处并非表估测的用法， 而是母亲对孩子提出的需求， 故选c, 意为“有必要”。答案：c。
3.you ______ get there by bus.
a.don't need b.needn't to c.don't need to d.need don't to
【解析】由选项a 可知need为实义动词，故应加上to才正确。选项 b的needn't为神态动词，应去掉to，故选 c。
4.you _______ worry about me. it's nothing serious.
a. can't b. mustn't c. needn't d. won't
【解析】由题干it's nothing serious可揣度，第一句意为“你不必为我忧虑”，故选c。本题易错选b, mustn't 意为“阻止”，故不正确。答案：c。
5.—excuse me.is this the right way to the summer please?
—sorry, i'm not sure. but it _______ be.
a. might b.mustn't c.can't d.must
【解析】查询神态动词might 表估测的用法。“i'm not sure” 阐明说话者的口气并不必定，所以要用might。答案：a
6.the man in the office___be mr. black, because he went home just now.
a.mustn't b.may not c.can't d.needn't
【解析】由下文 he went home just now可知，作者判别单位里那自个（不可以能是mr.black。mustn't意为“千万别”，may not意为“可以不”，needn't意为“不必”。can't意为不可以能，故选c。
07
神态动词特征
神态动词无人称和数的改变，神态动词后边跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在神态动词后边加 "not"。
单个神态动词有如今式和曩昔式两种方法，曩昔式用来表达愈加谦让，宛转的口气，时态性不强，可用于曩昔，如今或将来。神态动词属非及物动词，故没有被逼语态。
he could be here soon.他很快就来。we can't carry the heavy box.咱们搬不动那箱子。i'm sorry i can't help you.对不住，我帮不上你。
1.根柢助动词与神态助动词最首要的差异之一是：
根柢助动词本身没有词义，而神态助动词则有自个的词义，能标明说话人对有关动作或状况的观点，或标明片面想象：
what have you been doing since? （构成结束进行体，本身无词义）i am afraid i must be going. （必定要）you may have read some account of the matter. （或许现已）
2.除此之外，神态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：
(1)除ought和used以外，其他神态动词后边只能接不带to的不定式。
假定咱们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，一切神态动词无一破例地只能接不带to的不定式：
we used to grow beautiful roses.咱们曩昔常常种这种秀丽的玫瑰花。i asked if he would come and repair my television set.我问他是不是来修我的电视机。
(2)神态助动词在限制动词词组老是位居第一：they need not have been punished so severely.
(3)神态助动词用于第三人称奇数如今时的时分，没有词形改变，即其词尾无-s方法：she dare not say what she thinks.
(4)神态动词没有非限制方法，即没有不定式和分词方法，也没有相应的动名词：
still,she needn't have run away.
(5)神态助动词的“时”的方法并不是时刻差异的首要标志。在不少场合，神态助动词的如今时和曩昔时方法都可以标明如今、曩昔或将来时刻：
would you mind very much if i ask you to do something?she told him he ought not to have done it.
(6)神态助动词之间是彼此架空的，即在一个限制动词词组中只能呈现一个神态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be根柢助动词连用：
you should have washed the wound.well,you shouldn't be reading a novel.
(7)神态动词must一般疑问句否定答复用needn'tmust i read books every day？no,you needn't.
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常见神态动词用法
1.can(could)标明说话人能，可以，附和，答应，以及客观条件答应，could为can的曩昔式。
2.must有必要，大约，必定，准是，标明说话人认为有必要做某事，指令，需求别人做某事以及对事物的估测。
must 用来指一般如今时和一般将来时, 曩昔式可用 have to 的曩昔式替代。
must + have + 曩昔分词，标明如今对曩昔事物的估测。
must 和 have to 的差异：must 标明说话人的片面思维，have to 标明客观需要。
3.need是一个神态动词，它的用法完全和其他神态动词相同，但need还可当作实义动词运用，这时need就像其他动词相同，有第三人称，单复数，后边加带to的动词等特性。
needn't+have+曩昔分词标明曩昔做了没必要做的作业。
4.dare除用作神态动词外，更多的是当实义动词运用，用法同实义动词相同，要思考人称，单复数，时态等。
5.ought应当，大约。后边跟带有to的动词不定式。
ought + to have done句型。指曩昔动作，标明一件作业该做而未做。
ought not to have done 句型。标明一件不该做的作业却做了。
6.will (would)决计,期望。would为will的曩昔式，will，would用于疑问句标明说话人向对方提出恳求或问询，用would比will更悠扬，谦让。
7.shall、should 标明指令，警告，许诺，寻求，?担髡牛妗?
8.have to，不得不，有必要，标明客观条件只能如此，而must则标明片面思维。
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