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英语最根柢的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。假定将语句的主语和谓语完全倒置过来，这称之为完全倒装。假定只将助动词或神态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他有些仍保存在主语的后边，这称之为有些倒装。
下面修改为我们总结一下倒装的几种常见的类型：
疑问句和特别疑问句要倒装
are you cold?does he go to school by bike?留心：若疑问词在句中作主语或主语的定语时，不倒装。who is your english teacher?whose father is a worker?
there be 句型
在there+助动词/神态动词+be+主语+地址/时刻的句型中，主语在谓语be动词后边，因而这是倒装。there is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.桌上有一个手机和一些书。there are thousands of people gathering on the square.广场上集合着不计其数的人留心 ：引导词there 还可以接appear,exist, lie, remain,
seem, stand, live 等词。there lived an old fisherman in the village.村里住着一位老渔夫。there stand two white houses by the river.河岸矗立着两座白房子。there existed some doubt among the students.学生中有些置疑。
直接引语在句首
“may i come in and take a rest?” asked the poor girl.“get out of the room!” shouted the angry woman.
虚拟条件句的倒装
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中富含had, were, should等时，如将if省掉，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.若你昨日来，你就接见会面到他了。should you require anything give me a ring.假定需要啥，可以给我打电话。were it not for your help, i would still be homeless.要不是你协助，我会仍然无家可归。留心：省掉if后提前的had不必定是助动词had i money, i would buy it. 假若我有钱，我就会买它。
悉数倒装
悉数倒装是只将语句中的谓语动词悉数置于主语之前。1）?here, there, now,then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be,come, go, lie, run等标明往来不断或状况的动词。例如：then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。here is your letter. 你的信。2）标明运动方向的副词或地址状语置于句首，以out, in, up, down,
off, away等副词最初，谓语动词是标明“移动”的go, come, leave等语句里。例如：ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。down went the small boat. 小舟沉下去了。留心:在完全倒装的规划里,假定主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。3）标明地址的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是标明“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等语句中。south of the lake lies a big supermarket.湖泊的南边是一个大超市。20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool.咱们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游水池。4)?在there be或许there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。
有些倒装
1.句首为否定或半否定的副词或连词。如no, not,never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, at no time决不, by no means, on no account, inno case, many a time, under no circumstances, in no way, many a time, not until… 等。例如：he cares little about his clothes.= little does he care about his clothes.他不在乎穿戴。i have never seen him before.= never have i seen him before.= never before have i seen him.我早年没见过他。the mother didn t leave the room until the child fell asleep.= not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.孩子睡着了，母亲才脱离房间。(not until引出的主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。即：后倒前不倒。留心：如否定词不在句首不倒装。)例如：churchill was not only a statesman, but a poet.= not only was churchill a statesman, but a poet.丘吉尔不只是个政治家，而且仍是个诗人。i shall by no means give up.= by no means shall i give up. 我决不扔掉。必背：标明“刚……就……的倒装规划hardly?had he started to leave when it began to rain.他刚要脱离，天就下起了雨。scarcely?had he sat down when his mobilephone rang.他刚坐下，手机就响了。no sooner?had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.他刚交卷就知道到犯错了。seldom?is my son late for school.我儿子上学几乎不迟到。in no case?should you touch it.不管如何你都不能碰它。2．以否定连词最初作有些倒装如 not only…but also, hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner… than等，前倒后不倒。例如：not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批判了送礼的人。hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。no sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。3． so, neither, nor作有些倒装标明另一主语“也…样”时，用“so +be(have,助动词或神态动词)+主语”规划；而标明另一主语“也不…样”时，用“norneither + be(have,助动词或神态动词)+主语”规划。例如：tom can speak french. so can jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。if you won t go, neither will i. 你不去，我也不去。she won’t go. neither/nor will i.她不走，我也不。留心：假定前面所说的内容既有必定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词方法纷歧致时，用“it is the same with +主语”规划或用“so it is with +主语”规划。4．only+状语在句首倒装的情况。only+副词；或介词短语；或状语从句时，主句倒装。例如：only then did i see life was not easy.只需那时我才晓得日子是不易的。only in this way, can you learn english well. 只需这样，你才干学好英语。（only+介词短语）only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.（only+副词）only when it began to rain did he finish his job.（only+状语从句）注：假定语句为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床歇息。5. so… that，such…that引导的成果状语从句中，有些倒装。当so位于句首时，用”so +adj. + 主语+谓语”。例如：so frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他惧怕得很，动也不敢动。so difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it. 考试如此难，致使于大大都同学没能考过。so stingy is she that none of us likes her.她太小气，没人喜爱她。6. so作“也”讲时，引导的语句用倒装语序，标明前面所说的必定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：so + be（have，助动词或神态动词）+主语she has been to tokyo. so have i.她去过东京，我也去过。he can send emails to his former classmates. so can she.他能电子邮件处
早年的同学，她也能。? ? 7. as, though引导的有些倒装as / though引导的让步从句因为语法需要，可将表语或状语提前（描述词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需留心：1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。2）句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。假定实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一同放在主语之前。例如：shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest.(倒装后，最高档前不必冠词)child as he is, he knows a lot.(倒装后，奇数名词前不必a)??fail as i did, i would try again.(倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)留心：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后边的主句不能有but，可是 though 和yet可连用。当as作“尽管”解，引导让步状语从句时，有必要将表语、状语或动词原形说到as前面。语句的倒装语序有以下三种方法：(1). 描述词或副词+as+主语+连系动词be或实义动词。例如：rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.尽管他很赋有，但他从不花一分钱在衣裳上。much as i admire his courage, i don’t think he acted wisely.我尽管敬佩他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不聪明的。(2). 名词+as+主语+连系动词be (留心句首的名词不带冠词)。例如：child as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，但懂许多作业。boy as he was, he was chosen king.尽管他仍是个孩子，但却被立为国王。(3). 实义动词+as+主语+助动词[假定没有助动词，则要加上一个do(does或did)]。例如：try as he may, he never
succeeds.尽管他很尽力，但老是不成功。change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support.即便你改动主见，你也不会得到另外的撑持。8．一些标明频率的副词（如many a time, often等）位于句首时。i have seen her taking a walk alone many a time.many a time have i seen her taking a walk alone.我多次看到她单独一人在漫步。she often came to my house in the past.often did she come to my house in the past.曩昔她常到我家来。
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